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Antonio Vivaldi

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Italy (1678 – 1741)

Antonio Lucio Vivaldi (1678-1741) was an Italian composer in the Baroque era.

Vivaldi was born on 4th March 1678 in Venice, Italy; his father was Giovanni Battista, a barber before becoming a professional violinist, who taught his son to play violin; they subsequently toured Venice playing violin together. Vivaldi suffered from asthma; this did not, however, prevent him from learning to play the violin, composing and taking part in the prescribed musical activities. At the age of fifteen he began studying to become a priest. In 1703, at the age of 25, he was ordained, and was soon nicknamed “Il Prete Rosso”, “The Red Priest”, probably because of his red hair.

Not long afterwards, in 1704, he was given a dispensation from celebrating the Mass because of his ill health. In late 1706 he withdrew from the priesthood and became maestro di violino at an orphanage for girls called the Pio Ospedale della Pietà in Venice. Shortly after his appointment, the orphans began to gain appreciation and esteem abroad, too; Vivaldi wrote for them many concertos and cantatas, and much sacred music. In 1705, the first collection of his works was published, followed by many others. At the orphanage he covered several different duties, only interrupting them for his many travels. In 1709, he lost his position for economic reasons but in 1711, he was offered the job again, and in 1713 became responsible for the musical activity of the institute.

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